{"id":184,"date":"2023-01-12T09:33:29","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T07:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/?p=184"},"modified":"2023-05-12T10:24:22","modified_gmt":"2023-05-12T08:24:22","slug":"new-legislation-of-interest-for-employers-the-new-social-dialogue-law-and-the-law-on-the-protection-of-whistle-blowers-in-the-public-interest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/new-legislation-of-interest-for-employers-the-new-social-dialogue-law-and-the-law-on-the-protection-of-whistle-blowers-in-the-public-interest\/","title":{"rendered":"Nout\u0103\u021bi legislative de interes pentru angajatori. Noua lege a dialogului social \u0219i legea privind protec\u021bia avertizorilor \u00een interes public"},"content":{"rendered":"

Legea nr. 361\/2022 privind protec\u021bia avertizorilor \u00een interes public \u0219i Legea nr. 367\/2022 privind dialogul social reprezint\u0103 cele mai relevante nout\u0103\u021bi legislative din anul 2023 ce vizeaz\u0103 rela\u021bia angajator-angajat, instituind obliga\u021bii importante pe care cei din pia\u021ba muncii trebuie s\u0103 le cunoasc\u0103. Reg\u0103si\u021bi \u00een cadrul prezentului articol un rezumat al principalelor nout\u0103\u021bi cuprinse \u00een cele dou\u0103 acte normative.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Protec\u021bia avertizorilor \u00een interes public. Legea nr. 361\/2022<\/b><\/h4>\n

Poate cea mai nou\u0103 \u0219i curajoas\u0103 interven\u021bie legislativ\u0103 este reprezentat\u0103 de Legea nr. 361\/2022 care confer\u0103 cadrul legal oficial pentru protejarea avertizorilor \u00een interes public sau, astfel cum sunt denumi\u021bi \u00een spa\u021biul public, avertizorii de integritate.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1.1. Ce sunt avertizorii de integritate?<\/b><\/h5>\n

Avertizorii sunt persoanele fizice care sesizeaz\u0103 \u0219i raporteaz\u0103 acele nereguli considerate \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103ri ale legii, s\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219ite \u00een context profesional, inclusiv \u00een contextul raporturilor de munc\u0103 \u00eencheiate, ne\u00eencepute, aflate \u00een perioada procesului de recrutare sau a negocierilor precontractuale.<\/p>\n

Scopul legii este de a cre\u0219te con\u0219tientizarea \u00een pia\u021ba muncii cu privire la posibile \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103ri ale legii \u0219i de a stabili cadrul legal protectiv \u00eempotriva oric\u0103ror forme de represalii pe care le-ar putea suferi cei care aleg s\u0103 fac\u0103 un pas \u00een fa\u021b\u0103, sesiz\u00e2nd aceste nereguli.<\/p>\n

Rolul avertizorului de integritate a c\u0103p\u0103tat o notorietate accentuat\u0103<\/b> \u00een ultima perioad\u0103, f\u0103c\u00e2nd obiectul unor investiga\u021bii de profil, motiv pentru care protejarea suplimentar\u0103 a acestuia era o necesitate legislativ\u0103 care trebuia acoperit\u0103.<\/p>\n

Raportarea se poate realiza fie pe cale intern\u0103<\/b>, prin mijloacele asigurate de c\u0103tre angajator, fie pe cale extern\u0103<\/b>, prin autorit\u0103\u021bi cu atribu\u021bii speciale \u00een acest sens.<\/p>\n

1.2. Raportarea intern\u0103<\/b><\/b><\/h5>\n

Au obliga\u021bia de a asigura canalele interne de raportare \u0219i de a stabili procedura sigur\u0103 din spatele acesteia, urm\u0103toarele categorii de angajatori:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • indiferent de num\u0103rul de angaja\u021bi \u21d2<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0autorit\u0103\u0163ile, institu\u0163iile publice, alte persoane juridice de drept public;<\/span><\/li>\n
  • cel pu\u021bin 50 de angaja\u021bi <\/b>\u21d2 <\/strong>persoanele juridice de drept privat \u0219i structurile f\u0103r\u0103 personalitate juridic\u0103.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00cen cadrul persoanelor juridice de drept privat ce au sub 50 de angaja\u021bi, \u00eentruc\u00e2t nu exist\u0103 obliga\u021bia instituirii unui canal intern de raportare, avertizorul care efectueaz\u0103 o raportare privind \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103ri ale legii trebuie s\u0103 utilizeze canalul extern.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Se pot grupa \u0219i utiliza sau partaja resurse \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte primirea raport\u0103rilor referitoare la \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103ri ale legii \u015fi \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte ac\u0163iunile subsecvente, urm\u0103torii:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u00eentre 50 \u0219i 249 de angaja\u021bi \u21d2<\/strong><\/b>\u00a0persoanele juridice de drept privat;<\/span>;<\/b><\/li>\n
    • sub 10.000 de locuitori sau sub 50 de lucr\u0103tori \u21d2 <\/strong><\/b>UAT-urile.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      1.3. Raportarea extern\u0103<\/b><\/b><\/h5>\n

      Urm\u0103toarele autorit\u0103\u021bi sunt special constituite \u00een vederea asigur\u0103rii procesului de raportare:<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • autorit\u0103\u0163ile \u015fi institu\u0163iile publice care, potrivit dispozi\u0163iilor legale speciale, primesc \u015fi solu\u0163ioneaz\u0103 raport\u0103ri referitoare la \u00eenc\u0103lc\u0103ri ale legii, \u00een domeniul lor de competen\u0163\u0103;<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Agen\u0163ia Na\u0163ional\u0103 de Integritate;<\/span><\/li>\n
      • alte autorit\u0103\u0163i \u015fi institu\u0163ii publice c\u0103rora Agen\u0163ia le transmite raport\u0103rile spre solu\u0163ionare.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        1.4. Obliga\u021bii \u0219i interdic\u021bii comune ambelor tipuri de raport\u0103ri<\/b><\/b><\/h5>\n
          \n
        • obliga\u021bia de confiden\u021bialitate \u00een raport cu datele, identitatea avertizorului sau a oric\u0103ror ter\u021be persoane la care se face referire;<\/span><\/li>\n
        • obliga\u021bii privind informarea, procesarea raport\u0103rii, numirea unor persoane cu sarcini concrete \u00een acest sens;<\/span><\/li>\n
        • interzicerea expres\u0103 a oric\u0103ror forme de represalii, amenin\u021b\u0103ri sau tentative de represalii la adresa avertizorilor de integritate;<\/span><\/li>\n
        • obliga\u021bia de a p\u0103stra raport\u0103rile pentru o perioad\u0103 de 5 ani.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          2. Legea nr. 367\/2022 privind dialogul social<\/b><\/b><\/b><\/h4>\n
          2.1. Reprezentarea intereselor angaja\u021bilor \u0219i lucr\u0103torilor<\/b><\/b><\/h5>\n

          Noua lege a dialogului social aduce \u00een prim plan o protec\u021bie sporita a intereselor angaja\u021bilor \u0219i lucr\u0103torilor \u00een raport cu angajatorii lor. Astfel, potrivit noii reglement\u0103ri, pentru angajatorul care are cel pu\u021bin 10 angaja\u021bi\/lucr\u0103tori, interesele acestora vor putea fi protejate de c\u0103tre reprezentan\u021bii special desemna\u021bi \u00een acest scop.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Desemnarea reprezentan\u021bilor se face cu votul a jum\u0103tate + 1 din num\u0103rul total al angaja\u021bilor\/lucr\u0103torilor, iar mandatul acestora va avea o durat\u0103 minim\u0103 de doi ani. Num\u0103rul reprezentan\u021bilor va fi stabilit, de comun acord, \u00eentre angajator \u0219i angaja\u021bi\/lucr\u0103tori.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Este important de specificat faptul c\u0103, \u00een lipsa unui acord, legea impune limit\u0103ri cu privire la num\u0103rul maxim de reprezentan\u021bi raportat la num\u0103rul de angaja\u021bi\/lucr\u0103tori, fiind preferabil\u0103 stabilirea reprezentantului\/reprezentan\u021bilor de comun acord de c\u0103tre p\u0103r\u021bi.<\/p>\n

          2.2. Contractul colectiv de munc\u0103<\/b><\/b><\/h5>\n

          \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, negocierea colectiv\u0103 a devenit obligatorie inclusiv \u00een unit\u0103\u021bile cu cel pu\u021bin 10 angaja\u021bi\/lucr\u0103tori<\/b>, fa\u021b\u0103 de vechea reglementare care prevedea un num\u0103r minim de 21 de lucr\u0103tori. \u00cen acest context, este important de punctat faptul c\u0103 doar negocierea colectiv\u0103 devine obligatorie, f\u0103r\u0103 ca \u00eencheierea unui contract colectiv de munc\u0103 s\u0103 fie \u0219i ea impus\u0103 de reglement\u0103rile \u00een vigoare.<\/span><\/p>\n

          De asemenea, num\u0103rul de zile destinat desf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rii negocierilor s-a redus de la 60 de zile la 45, iar ini\u021biativa negocierii poate apar\u021bine acum oric\u0103ruia dintre partenerii sociali, suplimentar fa\u021b\u0103 de angajator sau organiza\u021bia patronal\u0103. \u00cen plus, legiuitorul a pus mai mult accent \u00een noua reglementare \u0219i pe obliga\u021bia angajatorului de a pune la dispozi\u021bia p\u0103r\u0163ii sindicale \u015fi\/sau a reprezentan\u0163ilor angaja\u0163ilor\/lucr\u0103torilor informa\u021biile necesare pentru negocierea contractelor colective de munc\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

          O alt\u0103 noutate important\u0103 rezid\u0103 \u00een reintroducerea contractului colectiv de munc\u0103 na\u021bional, \u00een ciuda controverselor \u0219i declar\u0103rii acestuia ca neconstitu\u021bional de c\u0103tre Curtea Constitu\u021bional\u0103 \u00een trecut, ca urmare a unei analize aprofundate a acestei practici anterior intr\u0103rii \u00een vigoare a fostei reglement\u0103ri, respectiv a Legii nr. 62\/2011 a dialogului social.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Nu \u00een ultimul r\u00e2nd, at\u00e2t obliga\u021biile izvor\u00e2te din Legea dialogului social, c\u00e2t \u0219i cele ce decurg din Legea privind protejarea avertizorilor \u00een interes public sunt impuse sub un cadru sanc\u021bionator aspru reglementat, prezentul material prezent\u00e2nd doar principalele nout\u0103\u021bi<\/b> introduse de cele dou\u0103 acte normative. Implementarea tuturor m\u0103surilor \u0219i respectarea obliga\u021biilor de c\u0103tre persoanele vizate presupun \u00eens\u0103 o analiz\u0103 exhaustiv\u0103<\/b> a celor dou\u0103 reglement\u0103ri, aplicat\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de caracteristicile fiec\u0103rui angajator.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Law no. 361\/2022 on the Protection of Whistleblowers in the Public Interest and Law no. 367\/2022 on Social Dialogue are the most relevant legislative updates in 2023 concerning the employer-employee relationship, establishing important obligations of which those in the labour market need to be aware of. In this article you will find a summary of the main novelties contained in the two legal acts. 1. Protection of Whistleblowers in the Public Interest. Law no. 361\/2022 Perhaps the newest and boldest legislative intervention is Law 361\/2022 which establishes the formal legal framework for the protection of whistleblowers in the public interest 1.1. What are whistleblowers? Whistleblowers are individuals who report irregularities considered to be violations of the law, committed in a professional context, including in the context of employment relationships that have been concluded, not yet begun, during the recruitment process […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/IPA-logo.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":193,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions\/193"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ipa.legal\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}